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diff --git a/doc/krita/using-layers.docbook b/doc/krita/using-layers.docbook deleted file mode 100644 index 8cb574f69..000000000 --- a/doc/krita/using-layers.docbook +++ /dev/null @@ -1,620 +0,0 @@ -<chapter id="layers"> -<title>Layers</title> - -<para> -This chapter gives an overview of how layers work in &krita;. -</para> - -<sect1 id="layers-background"> -<title>Background information on layers</title> - -<para> -Extensive use of &krita; will almost require you to have some knowledge of -layers. Using layers, you can work on one part of the image without touching -the rest of it, and most effects are best applied on a layer, instead of on -the whole image. Of course, if you do want to apply an effect to an entire -image, &krita; does offer you that possibility, and there is nothing against -it. -</para><para> -The idea behind layers is quite simple. As the name suggests, layers lie on -top of each other, and together form the layer stack. The final resulting -image is that what you see when looking through the stack from top to bottom. -This means that usually the upper layers of your image will have more or less -transparency, since you cannot look through a layer which has no transparency. -(&krita; works with opaqueness instead of transparency. A layer that is 100 -percent opaque is 0 percent transparent, and vice versa.) A layer higher in -the stack gets applied later than one lower in the stack. For example, if your -image contains four layers, numbered from 1 (lowest) to 4 (highest), the -effect that layer number 4 adds to the image, is applied to the result from -applying layers 1 through 3. -</para><para> -Every image you edit in &krita; contains layers. When you create a new image, -the layer box (usually shown at the bottom right of your screen, see <link -linkend="commands-palettes-layers-layers">this section</link>) will contain -one layer. The painting and editing you do is then applied to that layer. Once -you add more layers, you can choose on which part of the image you want to -work, by selecting the respective layer. All further painting is then applied -to that layer, until you select another one. -</para><para> -Layers are also an excellent way to check whether adding certain effects (or -applying certain image modifications) come out right. Add a layer which -contains what you want to try out, and show or hide it with the eye icon in -the layer box. You can especially profit from this method if you have multiple -effects to check out: show and hide them in any combination, and decide which -you like best. And since you can move the layers around, you can also -experiment with the order in which the effects are applied. -</para><para> -See the <link linkend="tutorial-select-layer">Selections and layers -tutorial</link> for a small hands-on introduction. -</para> -</sect1> - -<sect1 id="layers-layerbox"> -<title>The layer box</title> - -<para>The layer box is the instrument you will use most to work with layers. It -gives an overview of the layers that are present in your image, and using it -you can manage layers by adding, removing, reordering or modifying them. -</para><para> -The layer box consists of three parts. The middle part gives an overview of the -layers in the image. At the top, you can set some properties for the current -layer. At the bottom, a couple of layer management options can be found. The -next sections describe these three parts in more detail. -</para> - -<sect2 id="layers-layerbox-overview"> -<title>Layer overview</title> - -<para>This part shows you which layers are present in your image. In a tree-like -structure, the layer group hierarchy is shown: layers that are contained within -a layer group are displayed a bit to the right to indicate their belonging to -that group. -</para><para> -For each layer, a thumbnail preview and its name are shown. The layer name -is preceded by a folder icon if it is a group layer. Furthermore, two -indicators are present: the eye icon shows whether the layer is currently -visible (an open eye indicates that the layer is visible, a closed eye -indicates that it is not), and the lock icon shows whether the layer is -locked. No changes can be made to a locked layer. -</para><para> -When you click on a layer's eye icon, its visibility is switched from on to -off or vice versa. Clicking on the lock icon enables or disables editing of -that layer. You can click on the name of the current layer to rename it. -Note that to rename a layer, it has to be the current one. You do not need to -activate a layer in order to make it (in)visible or (un)locked via the eye and -lock icons, respectively: these work directly. -</para><para> -Doubleclick on a layer entry in the list to open the <link -linkend="commands-dialogs-layers-layerproperties"><guilabel>Layer -Properties</guilabel></link> dialog. This dialog shows a layer's colorspace and -profile. You can also change its name, opacity and composite mode here. -</para> -</sect2> - -<sect2 id="layers-layerbox-options"> -<title>Layer options</title> -<para> -The top of the layer box contains two controls for setting properties of the -currently selected layer. The list box at the left allows you to quickly set -the layer's composite mode. The spin field and slider at the right can be used -to change the layer's opacity. -</para><para> -At the bottom of the layer box, there are five buttons. From left to right, -these are as follows. The <guibutton>New Layer</guibutton> icon brings up a -submenu from which you can choose which type of layer you want to add. This -menu can also be opened by clicking with the &RMB; on the layer box. The -<guibutton>Move Layer Down</guibutton> and <guibutton>Move Layer Up</guibutton> -buttons move the current layer one level down and up, respectively, within the -current layer group. If the layer is already the last or first within the -layer group, trying to move it further will move it out of the layer group. -The <guibutton>Layer Properties</guibutton> button opens the <link -linkend="commands-dialogs-layers-layerproperties"><guilabel>Layer -Properties</guilabel></link> dialog, just as when you would have doubleclicked -on the layer. The <guibutton>Delete Layer</guibutton> button deletes the -current layer. -</para> -</sect2> - -</sect1> - -<sect1 id="layers-working"> -<title>Working with layers</title> - -<para> -Because layers are quite important when extensively using &krita;, you can -perform a lot of operations on them. These are all available via the <link -linkend="commands-menus-layer"><guimenu>Layer</guimenu> menu</link>. Some of -the possibilities: -</para> - -<variablelist> -<varlistentry><term></term><listitem><para>Add, remove, and duplicate layers;</para></listitem></varlistentry> -<varlistentry><term></term><listitem><para>Create and edit layer masks;</para></listitem></varlistentry> -<varlistentry><term></term><listitem><para>Flip, rotate, scale and shear layers;</para></listitem></varlistentry> -<varlistentry><term></term><listitem><para>Convert layers between colorspaces;</para></listitem></varlistentry> -<varlistentry><term></term><listitem><para>Save layers as images;</para></listitem></varlistentry> -<varlistentry><term></term><listitem><para>View layer histograms.</para></listitem></varlistentry> -</variablelist> - -</sect1> - -<sect1 id="layers-adjustment"> -<title>Adjustment Layers</title> - -<para>Adjustment layers are layers that consist of a filter and an optional -selection. The filter effect is applied to the composite image of all -layers under the adjustment layer in the current layer group. The big -thing is, adjustment layers apply these effects non-destructively. The -original image data is not modified. -</para><para> -Almost all &krita; filters are suitable for use in adjustment -layers -- even filters that would downgrade the image quality. For instance, -the raindrops filter converts to 8-bit RGB before working its magic. If you -would try to use this filter directly on a 16-bit L*a*b* layer, &krita; would -warn you about the conversion to RGB and back again this filter would cause. -Not so with adjustment layers: the original data isn't touched, so applying -the filter is safe. -</para><para> -What about the colorspace of an adjustment layer then? In order to examine -this issue, you need to know what happens when &krita; renders an adjustment -layer. -</para> - -<sect2 id="layers-adjustment-selections"> -<title>Adjustment layers and selections</title> - -<para>If the currently active layer has an active selection, then that selection -will be copied and used as a mask for the adjustment layer. If there is no -active selection, then there will be no mask and the adjustment will apply to -the entire extent of the layers under the adjustment layer in the current -group. There is <emphasis>no</emphasis> way of adding a mask to an existing -adjustment layer. -</para><para> -If there is a mask in the adjustment layer, you can edit the mask using the -ordinary painting tools and painting operations. -</para> - -</sect2> - -<sect2 id="layers-adjustment-projection"> -<title>A note on projections</title> - -<para> -&krita; composites the layers bottom to top, within each layer group. The -aggregate -- or the projection as it is also called -- is then filtered by -the adjustment layer. If there are layers on top of the adjustment layer, -those are composited onto the projection. &krita; converts all layer data before -compositing, so if the bottom-most layer in an image is grayscale, all layers -are converted to grayscale before compositing -- and that means that the -adjustment layer projection will be grayscale, too. -</para><para> -With this knowledge you'll understand why &krita; can often offer better -performance working with layers on top of an adjustment layer which is on top -of a complex layer structure: &krita; uses the projection and doesn't even look -anymore at the layers under the adjustment layer. Unless, of course, you -change one of them. -</para> -</sect2> - -</sect1> - -<sect1 id="layers-composite"> -<title>Compositing modes</title> - -<para> -Layers can be composited in various ways, each yielding a different effect. -This section describes the available compositing modes. Each description is -accompanied by an example: on top of an original image (see below), a rainbow -gradient is added. -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The original image</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-original.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The original image</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The original image</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -<sect2 id="layers-composite-normal"> -<title><guilabel>Normal</guilabel></title> - -<para> -The <guilabel>Normal</guilabel> mode does nothing special. It adds the layer -to the image, and if no other special effects like opacity are changed, the -underlying layers will only be visible at places where the new layer is -itself transparent. -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Normal</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-normal.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Normal</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Normal</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -</sect2> - -<sect2 id="layers-composite-multiply"> -<title><guilabel>Multiply</guilabel></title> - -<para> -The <guilabel>Multiply</guilabel> mode blends the two layers so that the -bottom layer gets <quote>colorized</quote> by the new layer. The resulting -image is generally quite dark. -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Multiply</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-multiply.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Multiply</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Multiply</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -</sect2> - -<sect2 id="layers-composite-burn"> -<title><guilabel>Burn</guilabel>, <guilabel>Dodge</guilabel>, -<guilabel>Divide</guilabel> and <guilabel>Screen</guilabel></title> - -<para> -The <guilabel>Burn</guilabel>, <guilabel>Dodge</guilabel>, -<guilabel>Divide</guilabel> and <guilabel>Screen</guilabel> modes all add an -extra <quote>burning</quote> effect by following contours instead of using -straight lines. In addition, <guilabel>Burn</guilabel> and -<guilabel>Divide</guilabel> use the inverted colors instead of the actual -colors of the composited layer. -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Burn</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-burn.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Burn</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Burn</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Dodge</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-dodge.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Dodge</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Dodge</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Divide</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-divide.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Divide</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Divide</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Screen</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-screen.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Screen</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Screen</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -</sect2> - -<sect2 id="layers-composite-overlay"> -<title><guilabel>Overlay</guilabel></title> - -<para> -Like <guilabel>Multiply</guilabel>, the <guilabel>Overlay</guilabel> mode -colorizes the underlying layer. The resulting image is about as light as -the original layer. -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Overlay</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-overlay.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Overlay</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Overlay</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -</sect2> - -<sect2 id="layers-composite-darken"> -<title><guilabel>Darken</guilabel></title> - -<para> -The <guilabel>Darken</guilabel> mode darkens the underlying layer while -colorizing it to match the colors in the composited layer. -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Darken</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-darken.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Darken</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Darken</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -</sect2> - -<sect2 id="layers-composite-lighten"> -<title><guilabel>Lighten</guilabel></title> - -<para> -The <guilabel>Lighten</guilabel> mode lightens the underlying layer while -colorizing it to match the colors in the composited layer. -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Lighten</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-lighten.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Lighten</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Lighten</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -</sect2> - -<sect2 id="layers-composite-hue"> -<title><guilabel>Hue</guilabel>, <guilabel>Saturation</guilabel> and -<guilabel>Value</guilabel></title> - -<para> -The <guilabel>Hue</guilabel>, <guilabel>Saturation</guilabel> and -<guilabel>Value</guilabel> modes respectively apply the hue, saturation and -value components of the composited layer to the underlying layer. -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Hue</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-hue.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Hue</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Hue</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Saturation</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-saturation.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Saturation</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Saturation</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Value</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-value.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Value</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Value</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -</sect2> - -<sect2 id="layers-composite-color"> -<title><guilabel>Color</guilabel></title> - -<para> -The <guilabel>Color</guilabel> mode colorizes the underlying layer, yielding -very strong colors. -</para> - -<para> -<screenshot> -<screeninfo>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Color</guilabel> compositing -mode</screeninfo> -<mediaobject> -<imageobject> -<imagedata fileref="mountains-color.png" format="PNG" /> -</imageobject> -<textobject> -<phrase>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Color</guilabel> compositing -mode</phrase> -</textobject> -<caption><para>The gradient applied with the <guilabel>Color</guilabel> compositing -mode</para></caption> -</mediaobject> -</screenshot> -</para> - -</sect2> - -</sect1> - -<sect1 id="layers-masks"> -<title>Layer Masks</title> - -<para> -Basically, a layer mask is a mask that you place on your paint layer. This -will literally mask areas of the layer, so that the content underneath shows -through. You can paint on it with greyscale colors: the more black the color, -the less the layer under it will shine through, the more white, the less the -layer under it will be shown. So complete white will let nothing through, -complete black will let everything through. Basically, it is a bit like -selecting a piece of your image, and then cutting it, so that the selected -bits go away. So what is the use for a mask here? The big advantage is that it -is non-destructive: if you decide that you masked out the wrong part of your -layer, you can easily remove the mask and start anew, something a lot harder -(not to say near impossible, especially in between sessions) with regular -selection-cutting. -</para><para> -So, how to create a mask? There are 2 ways: -</para> - -<itemizedlist> -<listitem><para> -Start from scratch. -<menuchoice><guimenu>Layer</guimenu><guisubmenu>Mask</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Create -Mask</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The mask starts with everything being -retained, that is, a complete white mask. Basically you will not see any -changes as long as you do not paint on it. -</para></listitem> -<listitem><para> -Start from the current selection. -<menuchoice><guimenu>Layer</guimenu><guisubmenu>Mask</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Mask -From Selection</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. The selectedness will be converted -to whiteness. This means that fully selected area will be visible, fully -unselected areas will be invisible, and the rest will be partially visible, -depending on how much the area was selected. -</para></listitem> -</itemizedlist> - -<sect2 id="layers-masks-editing"> -<title>Editing the mask</title> - -<para> -First, make sure you are editing the mask, not the layer, by making sure -<menuchoice><guimenu>Layer</guimenu><guisubmenu>Mask</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Edit -Mask</guimenuitem></menuchoice> is checked. (This is checked by default.) Then -you can paint on the layer just like before, only now you are -painting on the mask, instead of on the layer itself. To stop painting on the -mask, you can uncheck the <guilabel>Edit Mask</guilabel> checkbox. There's -also the option to show the mask, through checking -<menuchoice><guimenu>Layer</guimenu><guisubmenu>Mask</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Show -Mask</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. (This is not checked by -default). This option will render the entire layer as a visual representation -of the mask in greyscale, instead of the actual layer. This can be handy to -see where your mask is, but it might be not as handy when you want to edit it, -since you cannot look at the actual layer. -</para><para> -Other actions: you can also remove the mask if you are not satisfied with it, -and want to start over again, or just want to remove it, with -<menuchoice><guimenu>Layer</guimenu><guisubmenu>Mask</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Remove -Mask</guimenuitem></menuchoice>. You can also <quote>apply</quote> the mask, -meaning that the mask will be made permanently. This means that the mask is -removed, but that its effect of transparency will be committed to the layer. -</para> - -</sect2> -</sect1> - -</chapter> |